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SPEARMAN THEORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

Charles Spearman’s theory of intelligence is known as the two-factor theory. Spearman noticed that children who perform well in one subject tend to have good marks in other subjects also. This observation led him to propose that there is a common factor which affect all of your activities. Using a statistical method called as “factor analysis”, he proposed that all cognitive activity or mental activity consist of two factors namely, “general” or “g” factor and “specific” or “s” factor. So, your intelligence is a sum of “g” factor and “s” factor. The “g” factor affects all kind of mental activities whereas; “s” factor influences your performance on specific or particular mental activity. Further, “g” factor is innate, and constant throughout one’s life, present in all cognitive activities. Whereas “s” factor is learned and varies with the task within the same individual, one can have many “s” factors and, it is associated with the only specific task. People who are high on “g” factor are more intelligent than others. One’s overall score on an intelligence test represents “g” factor

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